Ulcers are a painful type of sore which can occur inside the mouth, and are usually slightly raised red or yellow areas that can be the around the size of your fingernail.  These are different to cold sores, which are caused by a virus and appear on the outer lips, and are typically caused by trauma to the delicate skin inside the mouth from sharp teeth, overzealous brushing, poorly fitting dentures or very hot/very cold food and drink.

 Traumatic ulcers normally occur on their own and will heal up once the source of the damage has been     removed, such as poorly fitting dentures, and this can take around a week.  However if you experience a number of ulcers at once that keep coming back  then you may have a condition called recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and the cause of this is not known and it can affect healthy people of any age and is not infectious in any way.  Recurrent aphthous stomatitis ulcers can appear on the insides of the cheeks, the tongue and gums, but very rarely affect the roof of the mouth, and they often come in clusters of small ulcers.  Large ulcers can also develop and these can appear near the tonsils which can cause some pain when swallowing and can take as long as five to ten weeks to heal up naturally.  You should see your dentist if you do experience recurrent ulcers and also check to see if you have ulcers anywhere else such as your eyes or genitals and inform your dentist so that they can make a complete diagnosis.

Some infections such as herpes simplex can also cause mouth ulcers, and in some cases blood disorders and gastrointestinal diseases such as anemia can also lead to mouth ulcers.  Ulcers can also be a symptom of mouth cancer, and these normally appear on or under the tongue, and if you have any ulcer that does not heal within three weeks you should see your dentist for more advice.

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